rossmann



2 Shets -Sheet 1 kw ox aw vm l P, F. ROSSMANN Filed Jan. 19, 1935 MW .m NN 7 0" mm ,1 \N

" TRANSMISSION CONTROL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES amp 24 Nov. 1,19%. P; F. Ross MAN 2,135,042

TRANSMISSION YCONTROL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES V Fil ed Jan, 19, 193 5v 2 sneetsfsheet' 2 Patented Nov. 1, 1938 I ED:

alsao z 'rn NsmssIoN coN'rRoL'ron Morton A VEHICLES Peter F. Rossinann Detroit, Mich; assignor to' PackardMotor Car Company, Detroit, -Mich., c. a qorporationgof Michigan :Applicatitin ,it tnyfw, 1935.; serial No. 2,510

11 Claims. (c1. 74-473) This invention relates to drivingme'chanism,

and n more particularly Ito change. speed mecha-j' nism in driving mechanism.

An object of the invention is to provide change speed mechanism with a new and novel form of.

V overdrive gearing.

anew and novel form of shift means for change speed mechanism. I I 10 A furtherobjectof the invention is ,to provide a compact and simple shift means fortra'nsmisa sion having more than three forward speed re lations I and one Still another reverse driving" relation.

in a change speed driving device which is operatedin conjunction with oneof a pair" of shift rails Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken .in connection with the drawings, which form this specification, and in which:

Fig! 1 .is a vertical sectionaljview ishowing a motor .vehicle driving mechanism constructed in accordancev with the invention takenon line overdrive position.

Fig. 2 is a view in section taken subs tantially on line 2-2.0f Fig.. 1, the

shifter mechanism 30 being in neutral position.

Fig. 3 is a view in section taken' substantially is mounted the enlarged end of a driving 45 shaft I5, which may be the vehicle clutch shaft; 4 drivenfrom an engine through conventional clutch. mechanism, not .shown. .Enlarged end ll of' the clutch isformedwithan for the. reception of bearingmeansflfi in which 50 the reduced forward end 11 ofthetr'ansmission shaft I0 is journalled. The rear end of: the shaft I llis journalled in a bearing l8 supported in the rear wall ofthe housing I 2.' The counter shaft H is in the form of a hollow spool mounted 55 to rotate on an arbor l9 supported at its ends Another object of the invention to provide I V 'sha'ft 15in the well known manner.

object of the invention'is to 15 provide shift means for an overdrive mechanism;

a part of l! of Fig. 2 with the shifter mechanism in axial recessv by the front and rear walls of the transmission casing, such Spool being formedwith a number of integral gears 2|, 22, 23 and 24. Of these, the gear 2! is in constant mesh with the gear or pinion 25 formed on the enlarged end l4 of shaft [5,. so that the .countershaft II is con sta'ntly connected'to and driven from this clutch T1 35 3 22 is also constantly in'mesh with the gear '26 which is mounted for rotation on a' bearing sleeve 21, pressed or otherwise rigidly mounted V on the spline shaft I'D as will be readily understood U "Gearsfl and 24 constitute the l'ow'speed and reverse gears respectively, and are adapted to drivea gear 28 which is splinedrtoand slidable on shaft l0,.this gear 28 being directly engagea able with the gear 23 or driven from the gear 24 through a reverse idlerpinion 29in the well known manner. The gear-28 is shiftable axially to engage with the gear .23.,to provide a first speed forward drive or it may be'moved to mesh with the pinion 29, whichis in mesh with the.

.gear 24.120 provide a reverse drive. Second speed drive is provided by connecting the constant 25 mesh gear 26 tothe shaft l0, and a third speed forward drive islsecured by coupling the shafts l0andl5... To' provide second and third speed connections,

. the. forward portion of'shaft lllis provided with 30 a clutch device which is slidably securedv to the shaft between the gears 25 and 26. fHub 34 is slidably mounted on the splined portion of shaft l0 to rotate therewith. A web ,35 eiitends radially from the hub and a rim 36 extends around the webv periphery.v the outer face of; the rim beingformed withsplines 31. Clutch ring 4| is slidably mounted on and surrounds the rim 36, and is provided with internal splines Ml. cooperating with the splines .31 to provide adriv ingjconnection; Forward movement ofthe ring wilt engageqithe internal splines ldlwwith the teeth formed onthe shaft end 14 toprovide a direct .drive between shafts l5 and Ill and.

rearward movement of the ring. will engage the internal splines withteeth 39 formedon gear-v26 toprovide a drive between gear and shaft l0, gear 26-being driven at a reduced speed from shaft l5 through gears 25, 2! and 22.. In an in termediate position the teeth I will'engage 5 neither the teeth 38 nor 39. i

To perform the-clutching operation just described without shock or clash, a synchronizing means, is provided for bringing the pairsv of clutch teeth HI -38 or Ill-49 tc thev same -wardly. These rings 48 splines on the mechanism. Shaft 41 beingadapted to contact a conicalfriction the hub is moved rearand 49 are pressed or otherwise secured on axially disposed extensions 5| and 52 on the shaft end body 26 respectively.

The corresponding members 4648 or 41-49 of each of these friction spaced as to be engaged upon a relatively small axial movement of hub 34 from its neutral posiclutch ring 49 when 'tion, and with considerable pressure; so that the relatively rotating members are synchronized by being frictionally connected before engagement of the positive clutch device. e

Operation of .the synchronizer or friction clutch device is effectedby movement toward clutching position of ring anism. As shown, this mechanism comprises a pair of floating levers 53. fulcrumed at their inner ends in shaft l0 and adapted 'to communicate sliding motion of ring 4| to hub 34 at a reduced amplitude but wit-h increased pressure. Attheir inner ends, the levers 53 are provided with rounded fulcrum portionsseated in blocks 54 slidably mounted in a transverse bore through shaft l8. Such blocks are yieldingly ally through slots in the clutch device, suchslots extending through hub 34, web The outer ends of the levers are so that each may engage in a shallow recess 58 formed in the inner face of two of the internal clutch ring 4|. Intermediate its ends, each of the levers 53 has a bearing between suitable abutm ents 59 on hub 34, these abutments to the ends of the levers being such as to make the mechanical advantage about four to one. 7

With the driving mechanism so far described, wherein shaft l8 can be driven at three forward speeds and one reverse speed with a given engine R. P. M., I propose to associate an overdrive l8 extends rearwardly through the rear casing wall and rotatably mounted on this extended shaft end is a gear 60. This gear is carried on bearing 6| and has a rearwardly projecting extension on which is formed external teeth 62. j A casing extension 63 is secured by bolts ing l2 and encloses the overdrive mechanismas well as a portion of the drive-mechanism. A driven shaft 65 is carried by bearing 66 in the end wall of the casing extension. On the rear end of the driven shaft is fixed a universal joint plate 61 and on the forward end of such shaft is fixed gear'68. Such gear and plate are splined on the shaft and secured axially thereon bynuts,

gear 68'is a bearing 1| for supporting the reduced rear end of shaft l0. Splined on the shaft |8 between gears 60 and 68 is a clutch hub 12 carrying a peripheral rim 13 having internal teeth 14 at one end for engaging teeth 62 and having l4 and on the gear clutch devices areso- 4|, through suitable lever mechurged apart by spring 56 located in the bore. The levers extend radi- 35 and rim 36. slightly rounded the relation of 94 to the rear'wall of nous-- |5 to shaft l0.

internal teeth 15 at the other end for engaging teeth 10.

A lay shaft 16, having gears 11 and 18 formed or fixed thereon. is rotatably mounted on an arbor 19' which projects into the rear walls of the casing and easing extension, and, suitable bearlugs 19 are, arranged in such walls to carry the arbor. Gear 11 is in constant mesh with gear 68 and gear 1Bis in constant mesh with gear 68. When the positive clutch device is shifted forwardly; see Figul, toengage teeth 14 with teeth 62 then driving relation will be established'from shaft ID to gear 60 and through the gear cluster 16 to drive gear and shaft 65. The gears in such'driving connection are formed to increase the speed of rotation of shaft 65 relative to shaft H) and thus an overdrive or high speed forward is provided from the third speed drive without increase in engine speed. This overdrive is employed mainly'when a vehicle is traveling in flat country to increase speed without increasing power requirement. Under such circumstance the vehiclecan be driven more economically and with less engine fatigue. When the positive clutch is moved to rear position teeth 15 mesh with teeth 10 and the shaft 60 will be driven at the same speed asv shaft In, the drive being through the clutch to gear 68.

{The gearing in the'casing |2 is 'controlled by conventional shift means comprising a pair of parallel rails 8| and 'B2 movable axially by a pivoted shift lever 83. Rail 8| has a clutch yoke 84- fixed thereon which engages a collar 85 on :gear '28 and rail 82 has a yoke 86 fixed thereon engaging a groove 81in the clutch rim 4|." The rail 8| has a groove 88'thereiri facing a groove. 89 in the rail 82 and the shift lever head 90 is'located to be shifted into either groove and then shifted to move the selected rail axially. These rails have the usual detents 9| for registration with spring pressed balls 92 in the casing wall formaintaining certain axial rail positions and ball 83 cooperates with the rails to lock one from axial shifting prior to shifting of the other from a neutral position.

When the shift lever is in neutral or vertical position there will be no driving connection from shaft l5 to shaft |8.- Moving the shift lever handle portion to the left will shift the head 90' inrail 821and forward movement of the leverhandlewill engage teeth 31 on the ring 4| with teeth 39 producing a higher ratio drive than the low ratio forward drive from shaft l5 to sh'aft lll. Rearwardmovement of the lever handle dur-' ing engagement with rail 82 will move teeth 31 on the ring 4| into engagement with teeth 38 producing a still higher. ratio drive from shaft These positions of the shift lever handle portion are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 5;

Associated with the conventional control mech anism just described, is provided a novel and compact form of control for'the overdrive clutch.

A third rail 94 extends-adjacent and parallel with rail 82. This rail 94 projects into the casing extension and has fixed theretov a a recess 96in clutch 'hub '12. of rail 94 has a recess 91 aligning laterally with recesses '88 and B9 gether so that shaft l5 drives shaft lflflthrough engagement of teeth on the ring 4| with teeth 33 and shaft ill will drive shaft 65 through gears 60, I8, 17 and 68 as shown in Fig. 1.

The rail 82 has a recess I05 for the reception I06 de ending from the shift lever head. The casing below the extension has tral the clutch hub 72 will tion engaging teeth with teeth 70 so that a driving connection is maintained for the first, second, third and reverse drives when either the rail al or rail 82 is shifted individually to form such connections. The flange extends only from by a ball I92 engaging grooves Hi.

The overdrive mechanism is compact and can ciples involved are applications which will readily occur to persons skilled in the art.

be limited only as indicated by the scope of the appended claims.

said actuator being moved What is, claimed is: I a "'1. In aehangetspeedldrive mechanism, shift means comprising tvn therein,f v I v the recess in. onewoffl th'lrails, and slidably mounted means operableby said'lever vwhile in said recessffor erigaging th' other rail and locking the rails Inultaneous shifting by the lever. In a change speed drive rail and movable into the recess iii into re cess engaging spring. means norrelation by said lever, and

ing operation of said lever. y

4. In a change speed drive mechanism, shift movement of said actuator in the rail recess in which it is mounted.

7. In a change speed drive mechanism, shift means comprising two parallel rails having transversely extending aligned recesses therein, a shift lever movable into the'reeess in one rail, an actuator mounted in the rail recess into which the lever is movable and shift'able' into the other rail recess by said lever, spring means urging said actuator away from engaging relation with the engageable rail, and means for guiding and connecting said actuator with the rail on which it is mounted. v

8. In a change speed drivemechanism, shift means comprising a fork carrying rail having a transversely extending opening therein, a slotted actuator slidably mounted in the rail slot, a pin fixed to said rail projecting into the slot in said actuator, a second fo'k carrying rail having a recess therein adapted to align with the opening in the other rail, spring means associated with said actuator and the rail in which it is mounted normally urging the actuator away from the other rail, and a shift lever for engaging in the rail opening and shiitingtheactuator into the recess in the second rail.

9. In change speed drive mechanism, shift means comprising two rails having recesses therein, an actuator slidably'mounted in the recess in one rail and movable to engage the recess in the other rail, means r taining said actuatorwith the rail on which it is mounted, and a shift lever movable into the recess in the 'rail carrying said actuator for shifting said rail and moving said actuator into the recess in the other rail.

10. In a change speed drive mechanism, a casing, first and second shift rails having transversely extending aligned recesses therein, a shift lever movable into the recess in the first rail, an actuator slidably carried in the recess in the first rail and movable to engage in the recesses in both rails, said actuator ,beingmovable into the recess of the second rail by said lever, a spring normally urging said actuator out of engagement with said second rail, said rails being shiitable by said lever when said actuator engages in their recesses, an extension on said lever, and a flange on said casing against which said lever engages while shifting both rails, said flange holding said lever in position to maintain the actuator in engagement with said second lever. I

11. In a change speed drive mechanism, shift means comprising two rails, a'lever shiftable to engage with and actuateone of said rails, and

shiitable. actuator means carried by said last" mentioned rail for locking the two rails together, said shiftable actuator means being movable into position for locking the rails together by said lever while engaging the actuator carrying rail.

PETER F. ROSSMANN. 

